Asbestos exposure can lead to several diseases, with the primary ones being:
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Asbestosis: Asbestosis is a chronic and progressive lung disease caused by the inhalation of asbestos fibers. Over time, these fibers lead to the formation of scar tissue in the lungs, making it increasingly difficult for the affected individual to breathe. Symptoms include shortness of breath, coughing, chest tightness, and chest pain. Asbestosis is not a type of cancer, but it is a severe respiratory condition associated with asbestos exposure.
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Lung Cancer: Exposure to asbestos significantly increases the risk of developing lung cancer. It is often associated with heavy and prolonged exposure to asbestos fibers. Smoking further amplifies the risk of lung cancer in individuals exposed to asbestos.
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Mesothelioma: Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that primarily affects the lining of the lungs (pleural mesothelioma), but it can also occur in the lining of the abdomen (peritoneal mesothelioma) or the heart (pericardial mesothelioma). Asbestos exposure is the primary known cause of mesothelioma. It has a long latency period, and by the time symptoms become noticeable, the disease is often in advanced stages.
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Pleural Plaques: Pleural plaques are non-cancerous, localized thickenings or calcifications that form on the lining of the lungs (pleura) or the diaphragm. They are a sign of prior asbestos exposure but do not typically cause symptoms. However, they can indicate a history of asbestos exposure.
It’s important to note that these diseases are typically the result of prolonged and significant exposure to asbestos fibers. The risk and severity of these diseases are closely associated with the level and duration of exposure, as well as other factors such as the type of asbestos and whether the affected individual is a smoker. Since asbestos-related diseases often have a long latency period, symptoms may not manifest until many years or even decades after initial exposure.
Prevention and early detection are essential in managing asbestos-related diseases. Reducing asbestos exposure and following safety regulations when working with asbestos-containing materials are critical steps in minimizing the risk of developing these diseases. If you have a history of asbestos exposure or are experiencing related symptoms, it’s important to seek medical attention or asbestos consultancy with your healthcare provider about your exposure history.
